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INSPIRE
is a multi-site, collaborative study
funded by: 1) the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC) through
the Prevention Research Branch and
the Epidemiology Branch, and 2)
the Health Resources and Services
Administration (HRSA) through the
HIV/AIDS Bureau's Special Projects
of National Significance. The project
began in 1999 and will be funded
for 5 years.
The
interventions are being conducted
in Baltimore (Johns Hopkins University),
Miami (the University of Miami),
New York City (New York Academy
of Medicine), and San Francisco
(University of California-San Francisco).
INSPIRE
was designed to develop and test
an enhanced intervention for HIV-positive
injection drug users (IDUs) to;
1) increase access to and utilization
of medical care; 2) increase adherence
to antiretroviral medications; 3)
decrease sexual risk behavior, particularly
with HIV-negative and partners of
unknown serostatus; and 4) decrease
injection risk behavior, particularly
with HIV-negative and partners of
unknown serostatus.
Over
1000 HIV+ IDUs will be recruited
(approximately 250 in each city)
and randomized to one of two arms:
a 10-session enhanced intervention
consisting of 7 group sessions,
2 individual sessions and 1 peer
volunteer activity in the community
(PMI), or an 8-session video and
discussion intervention (VDI). The
VDI is intended to control for attention
and demand. To control for demand,
the first VDI session includes all
the intervention messages from the
PMI presented in a didactic format.
Risk behavior was assessed at baseline,
and 3, 6, and 12 months after the
intervention. Blood samples were
collected at baseline, 6-month,
and 12-month follow-up assessments
to measure CD4 count and viral load.
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