Hope was replaced by elation in July 1996, at the XI International Conference on AIDS, when David Ho announced that HIV could be eradicated if it was completely suppressed for 2 or 3 years. At the same time, several reports suggested that HIV could be fully suppressed by combining two NRTIs with either an NNRTI or a PI. The HAART era had begun. “We had turned directions really quickly. It was like a light switch, going from terrible pessimism to exaggerated optimism in less than a year,” says Cheever.
Figure 1. Antiretroviral Drug Approvals by Class and Date110
| March 19, 1987 Retrovir (AZT; zidovudine) is the first drug approved to treat AIDS |
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October 9, 1991 Videx (ddI; didanosine) is approved |
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June 19, 1992 HIVID (ddC; zalcitabine) is approved |
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June 24, 1994 Zerit (d4T; stavudine) is granted accelerated approval |
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| November 20, 1995 Epivir (3TC; lamividune) is granted accelerated approval |
December 17, 1998 Ziagen (abacavir) is granted accelerated approval |
October 26, 2001 Viread (tenofovir) is granted accelerated approval |
July 2, 2003 Emtriva (emtricitabine; FTC) is granted accelerated approval |
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| September 26, 1997 Combivir (AZT and 3TC) the first coformulated anti-HIV drug, is approved |
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November 14, 2000 Trizivir (coformulated AZT, 3TC and abacavir) is approved |
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August 2, 2004 Epzicom (a coformulation of abacavir and lamivudine) is approved |
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August 2, 2004 Truvada (coformulated tenofovir and e mtricitabine) is approved |
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| June 21, 1996 Viramune (nevirapine) is granted accelerated approval |
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April 4, 1997 Rescriptor (delavirdine) is granted accelerated approval |
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September 17, 1998 Sustiva (efavirenz) is approved |
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January 19, 2008 Intelence (etravirine) is granted accelerated approval |
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May 20, 2011 Endurant (ripilvirine) is approved |
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| December 6, 1995 Invirase (saquinavir) is approved accelerated approval |
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March 1, 1996 Norvir (ritonavir) is approved |
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March 13, 1996 Indinavir (crixivan) is approved |
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| March 14, 1997 Viracept (nelfinavir) is granted accelerated approval |
April 15, 1999 Agenerase (amprenavir) is granted accelerated approval |
September 15, 2000 Kaletra (lopinavir and ritonavir coformulation) is approved |
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| June 20, 2003 Reyataz (atazanavir) is approved |
June 22, 2005 Aptivus (tipranavir) is granted accelerated approval |
June 23, 2006 Prezista (darunavir) is granted accelerated approval |
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| Fusion Inhibitor |
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Entry Inhibitor |
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Integrase Inhibitor |
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| March 15, 2003 Fuzeon (T-20; enfuvirtide) is granted accelerated approval |
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August 6, 2007 Selzentry (mariviroc) is approved |
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October 12, 2007 Isentress (raltegravir) is granted accelerated approval |
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| July 12, 2006 Atripla (the first fixed-dose, multiclass, single-tablet HIV regimen) is approved for use in the United States |
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August 10, 2011 Complera, a fixed-dose, multiclass, single-tablet HIV regimen is approved for use in the United States |
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